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    • Veronica

    veronica.jpgVeronica (ver-ron-ik-uh) Speedwell, Plantaginaceae Family. A large and varied genus of hardy annuals and perennials found in Europe, Asia and other parts of the world. Veronica are handsome perennials suitable for borders, rock gardens or as ground covers, depending on their habit and size, which varies from 3 inches to 2 ½ feet tall. They are all characterized by attractive foliage and abundant (mostly blue) flowers, usually on showy spikes. They are easily grown in any good garden soil and blend well with other garden flowers in the garden. Veronica does best in sun but will tolerate partial shade.

    Easy and undemanding, some Veronicas are mats of saucer-shaped flowers, some have star or erect tight flower spikes. Many veronicas have blue flowers; and range from purple, violet blue, rosy pink, to white. Deadheading extends bloom season. Tolerant of a wide range of medium wet, well-drained soil types, plants perform best when grown in average, not rich, soil and full sun. Amending very heavy and light soils types with organic matter will result in improved performance, as will as a light mulch and regular water during summer. With too much shade, plants will need staking

    Excellent as a border plant, ground cover, in mass plantings or along borders, in containers, for cut flowers and its salt tolerant. Attracts butterflies and Deer resistant.

    • Veronica 'Da Vinci Delight' (25) BR Plants Veronica 'Da Vinci Delight' (25) BR Plants

      Veronica

      Veronica 'Da Vinci Delight' (25) BR Plants

      Veronica 'Da Vinci Delight' PPAF (25) Bare Root Plants Artist Series Common Name: Spike SpeedwellA delightful, dense Veronica with lots of branching on each stem resulting in numerous flower spikes. In early summer, soft lilac purple flowers open from...

      $209.59
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    • Veronica Ever After PPAF 25 BR Plants Veronica Ever After PPAF 25 BR Plants

      Veronica

      Veronica 'Ever After' PP35035 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica 'Ever After' PP35035 CPBRAF (25) Bare Root PlantsMAGIC SHOW® CollectionCommon Name: Spike Speedwell Similar to 'White Wands' but with a lavender blue flower, 'Ever After' is among the longest blooming Veronica now available. 'Ever After' has...

      $228.98
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    • Veronica 'Pink Potion' PP29681 (25) BR Plants Veronica 'Pink Potion' PP29681 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica

      Veronica 'Pink Potion' PP29681 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica 'Pink Potion' PP29681 CPBR5821 (25) Bare Root PlantsMAGIC SHOW® CollectionCommon Name: Spike Speedwell 'Pink Potion' produces baby pink flowers that cover the top half of the plant, a great match to ‘Wizard of Ahhs’ in terms of...

      $228.98
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    • Veronica 'Purple Leia' PP34278 (25) BR Plants Veronica 'Purple Leia' PP34278 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica

      Veronica 'Purple Leia' PP34278 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica 'Purple Leia' PP34278 (25) Bare Root PlantsCommon Name: Spike Speedwell 'Purple Leia' joins popular companions 'Blue Skywalker' and 'Lavender Lightsaber' except with rosy purple flowers covering the top half of a columnar, upright habit. Bucking...

      $209.59
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    • Veronica 'Very Van Gogh' PP27428 (25) BR Plants Veronica Very Van Gogh PPAF 25 BR Plants

      Veronica

      Veronica 'Very Van Gogh' PP27428 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica 'Very Van Gogh' PP27428 (25) Bare Root PlantsCommon Name: Spike Speedwell This posh perennial produces a plethora of paintbrush-like, purple flowers on heavily branched scapes from midsummer into late summer. Honeybees, hummingbirds, and...

      $209.59
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    • Veronica MAGIC SHOW White Wands PPAF 25 BR Plants Veronica MAGIC SHOW White Wands PPAF 25 BR Plants

      Veronica

      Veronica 'White Wands' PP27632 (25) BR Plants

      Veronica 'White Wands' PP27632 CPBR5822 (25) Bare Root PlantsCommon Name: Spike Speedwell MAGIC SHOW Spike Speedwell have long, narrow flower spikes that look like colorful wands—and ‘White Wands’ is the perfect neutral white color if...

      $228.98
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    • Veronica p Georgia Blue 3.5 inch pot Veronica p. 'Georgia Blue' (3.5 inch pot)

      Veronica

      Veronica p. 'Georgia Blue' (3.5 inch pot)

      Veronica penduncularis 'Georgia Blue' (3.5-inch pot)Common names: Georgia Blue Speedwell Height: 4-6 Inches Spread: 18-24 Inches Hardiness Zone: 4-9 Full Sun to Part Shade Evergreen perennial Early Spring Blooms Winter Color Drought resistant once...

      $4.98
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    Veronica, commonly known as Speedwell, is a diverse genus with about 500 species. These versatile plants come in a variety of forms, from low-growing ground covers to upright, bushy specimens reaching up to 4 feet tall. They are prized for their long blooming season and attractive spikes of small, vibrant flowers.

    • Long blooming season: Provides continuous color throughout the summer months, with some species even blooming into fall.
    • Variety of colors and forms: Offers a wide array of flower colors (blue, purple, pink, white) and growth habits (upright, creeping, bushy), making it adaptable to diverse garden designs.
    • Attractive to pollinators: Serves as a valuable food source for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, enhancing the biodiversity of your garden.
    • Low maintenance: Requires minimal care once established.
    • Adaptable to various conditions: Tolerates a range of soil types, pH levels, and light conditions.
    • Drought tolerant: Withstands dry periods, making it suitable for water-wise gardening.
    • Ground cover: Creeping varieties effectively suppress weeds, reducing the need for herbicides.
    • Erosion control: Helps stabilize slopes and prevent soil erosion.
    • Cut flowers: Taller varieties can be used in fresh flower arrangements.

    Hardy in USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 3a to 9b.

    Flowers: Small, four-petaled flowers densely packed onto slender, upright racemes (spikes). Bloom colors range from blues and purples to pinks and whites.

    Foliage: Typically lance-shaped, 2 inches long, and arranged oppositely on the stem. Deciduous in most species.

    Growth Habit: Varies greatly by species. Includes ground-hugging creepers, upright clump-formers, and even subshrubs.

    Light: Thrives in full sun (6+ hours daily) but tolerates partial shade (2-6 hours).

    Soil: Prefers well-drained soil that is consistently moist but not waterlogged. Adaptable to a range of textures, including clay, loam, and sandy soils. Tolerates acidic, alkaline, and neutral pH.

    Moisture: Moderate moisture is best, although some species tolerate drier conditions.

    Maintenance: Low-maintenance. Deadhead spent flower spikes to encourage reblooming. Taller varieties may benefit from staking. Divide perennials every few years to maintain vigor.

    Deadheading: Removing spent flowers can encourage more blooms.

    Pruning: Taller varieties may need staking or pinching back to maintain their shape.

    Dividing: Perennials can be divided every few years to maintain vigor.

    Propagation: Propagate by division, seed, or stem cuttings. Cultivars and hybrids must be propagated asexually (division or cuttings) to retain their unique characteristics.

    Versatile: Suitable for borders, rock gardens, cottage gardens, pollinator gardens, and even containers. Excellent for adding vertical accents and splashes of color.

    Ornamental: Grown in gardens for their attractive flowers and varied growth habits. They can be used in borders, rock gardens, or as ground covers.

    Groundcover: Creeping varieties, like Veronica prostrata, effectively suppress weeds and add texture to slopes or banks.

    Wildlife: Attracts pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.

    Overall, Veronica is a versatile and valuable addition to any garden, offering beauty, ecological benefits, and ease of care.

    Veronica FAQ

    Veronica, commonly known as speedwell, is a diverse genus of flowering plants belonging to the Plantaginaceae family. They are native to many parts of the world, mainly Europe, Asia, and North America, and thrive in various habitats, including meadows, woodlands, and even alpine regions.

    Here are some of the key characteristics of Veronica:

    Appearance:

    • Foliage: Veronica species exhibit a wide variety of leaf shapes and sizes, ranging from lanceolate and ovate to deeply lobed or divided. The leaves are typically arranged oppositely on the stems and come in various shades of green, sometimes with silver or bronze hues.
    • Flowers: These plants produce small, delicate flowers in spikes or racemes. The flowers come in a diverse range of colors, including blue, purple, pink, white, and yellow. Each flower has five petals and often features contrasting stamens and styles.
    • Height: Veronica species vary in height, with some reaching only a few inches tall, while others can grow up to several feet.

    Growing conditions:

    • Light: Most Veronica species prefer full sun to partial shade, although some can tolerate more shade.
    • Soil: They thrive in well-drained, moist soil but can adapt to various soil types if drainage is adequate.
    • Water: Regular watering is essential, especially during dry periods. However, avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.
    • Hardiness: The hardiness zones for Veronica species vary depending on the specific variety. Some are hardy in zones 3-4, while others are only suitable for zones 7-8 or warmer.

    Care and maintenance:

    • Deadheading: Regularly deadheading spent blooms can encourage further flowering throughout the season.
    • Dividing: Some Veronica species benefit from dividing every few years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding.
    • Pests and diseases: These plants are resistant to pests and diseases but can be susceptible to slugs, snails, and powdery mildew in certain conditions.

    Overall, Veronica is a versatile and easy-to-care-for genus with a wide range of species to choose from. Their diverse characteristics and adaptability make them valuable additions to gardens, borders, rock gardens, and even containers.

    Planting Veronica is a straightforward process, and with proper care, they will reward you with beautiful blooms for years to come. Here is a step-by-step guide:

    When to Plant:

    • Best timing: The ideal time to plant Veronica depends on your climate and chosen variety. In most areas, spring (after the last frost) or fall (before the first frost) are the safest options.

    Choosing a Location:

    • Sunlight: Consider the light requirements of your specific Veronica variety. Most prefer full sun to partial shade, but some tolerate more shade. Choose a location that receives the appropriate amount of sunlight based on your chosen variety.
    • Soil: Well-drained soil is crucial for Veronica to thrive. If your soil is heavy clay, amend it with compost or sand to improve drainage.

    Planting Steps:

    • Prepare the planting site: Clear the area of weeds and debris. Loosen the soil to a depth of about twelve inches.
    • Amend the soil (optional): If your soil is poor quality, mix in compost or aged manure to improve fertility and drainage.
    • Dig planting holes: Dig holes slightly deeper than the root ball of your Veronica plants. Space the holes according to the mature size of your chosen variety, typically 12-24 inches apart.
    • Remove plants from pots: Gently remove your Veronica plants from their pots, teasing apart any tightly bound roots.
    • Place and adjust: Carefully place each plant in its respective hole, ensuring the root crown sits slightly above the surrounding soil level. Backfill the hole with soil, firming it gently around the base of the plant.
    • Water thoroughly: Water each plant deeply to settle the soil and hydrate the roots.
    • Mulch (optional): Apply a layer of organic mulch, like shredded bark or wood chips, around the base of your plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Keep mulch away from the stems to prevent rot.

    Aftercare:

    • Water regularly: Water your newly planted Veronica regularly, especially during dry spells, until they become established. Gradually reduce watering as they mature.
    • Fertilize sparingly: Most Veronica varieties do not require heavy feeding. A light application of slow-release fertilizer in early spring might be sufficient, depending on your soil quality and plant needs.
    • Deadhead (optional): Regularly deadheading spent blooms can encourage further flowering throughout the season. However, some varieties provide winter interest with seed heads, so decide based on your preference.
    • Monitor and adjust: Keep an eye on your Veronica plants and adjust your watering, weeding, or mulching practices as needed. Prune occasionally to maintain desired size and shape.

    Additional Tips:

    • Research the specific needs of your chosen Veronica variety, as some might have slightly different preferences in terms of sunlight, soil moisture, and care requirements.
    • Consider incorporating a variety of Veronica species with different bloom times and heights to create visual interest and extend the flowering season in your garden.
    • These plants are low-maintenance and attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, making them valuable additions to any garden.

    By following these steps and providing proper care, you can successfully plant and enjoy the beauty of Veronica in your garden!

    Choosing the best Veronica variety for your garden depends on several factors, including your desired flower color, plant height, and sunlight conditions. Here are some of the most popular and versatile options:

    For blue flowers:

    • Veronica spicata 'Royal Candles': This classic variety boasts tall spikes of deep blue-purple flowers that bloom from June to August. It grows 18-24 inches tall and thrives in full sun to partial shade.
    • Veronica longifolia 'Blue Giant': Another tall option, reaching 2-3 feet in height, with vibrant blue flowers blooming from June to September. It prefers full sun and moist, well-drained soil.
    • Veronica austriaca 'Blue Heaven': A compact variety, growing 12-18 inches tall, with dense spikes of sky-blue flowers in summer. It tolerates partial shade and is drought-resistant.

    For pink flowers:

    • Veronica rosea 'Miss Jekyll': This charming variety features soft pink flowers in loose clusters from June to September. It grows 12-18 inches tall and prefers full sun to partial shade.
    • Veronica spicata 'Pink Whale': A taller option, reaching 2-3 feet in height, with showy spikes of soft pink flowers blooming from June to August. It thrives in full sun and moist, well-drained soil.
    • Veronica liwanensis: A low-growing variety, forming a dense mat only 6-8 inches tall, with delicate pink flowers in summer. It tolerates partial shade and is a good choice for groundcover.

    For white flowers:

    • Veronica spicata 'White Icicle': This elegant variety features pure white flowers in tall spikes from June to August. It grows 18-24 inches tall and prefers full sun to partial shade.
    • Veronica longifolia 'Alba': Another tall option, reaching 2-3 feet in height, with airy spikes of white flowers blooming from June to September. It thrives in full sun and moist, well-drained soil.
    • Veronica austriaca 'Snowflake': A compact variety, growing 12-18 inches tall, with dense spikes of pure white flowers in summer. It tolerates partial shade and is drought-resistant.

    For other flower colors:

    • Veronica 'Red Splash': This unique variety boasts vibrant pink flowers with contrasting red markings, blooming from June to September. It grows 12-18 inches tall and prefers full sun.
    • Veronica 'Goodness Grows': A charming variety with lavender-pink flowers in loose clusters from June to September. It grows 12-18 inches tall and thrives in full sun to partial shade.
    • Veronica 'First Love': This early-blooming variety features bright magenta flowers in April and May, followed by blue blooms in late summer. It grows 12-18 inches tall and prefers full sun.

    Remember to consider your specific garden conditions and preferences when choosing Veronica varieties. With so many beautiful options available, you are sure to find the perfect ones to add color, texture, and pollinator-attracting blooms to your landscape!

    Veronica plants come in a wide range of heights, making them incredibly versatile for various garden designs. Here is a general overview of their height variations:  

    Low-growing (under 1 foot):

    These are perfect for rock gardens, ground covers, edging, and even spilling over walls.

    • Veronica repens 'Sunshine': Bright yellow foliage with pale blue flowers, 4-6 inches tall.
    • Veronica prostrata 'Aztec Gold': Golden foliage and blue flowers, 6-8 inches tall.
    • Veronica serpyllifolia (Thyme-leaved Speedwell): Delicate, creeping with pale blue flowers, 4-10 inches tall.

    Medium height (1-3 feet):

    Ideal for borders, cottage gardens, and adding vertical accents without being overpowering.

    • Veronica spicata 'Royal Candles': Deep blue-purple flower spikes, 18-24 inches tall.
    • Veronica austriaca 'Blue Heaven': Dense spikes of sky-blue flowers, 12-18 inches tall.
    • Veronica teucrium 'Royal Blue': Upright with deep blue flower spikes, 1-2 feet tall.

    Tall (over 3 feet):

    These make a statement in the back of borders or as striking vertical elements.

    • Veronica longifolia 'Blue Giant': Vibrant blue flowers, 2-3 feet tall.
    • Veronica longifolia 'Eveline': Elegant spikes of lavender-pink flowers, 2-3 feet tall.
    • Veronica spicata 'Blue Boom': Long-blooming with deep violet-blue flowers, 3 feet tall.

    Factors Affecting Height:

    • Species and cultivar: Inherent growth habits vary significantly.
    • Growing conditions: Sunlight, soil moisture, and fertility can influence height.
    • Pruning: Pinching back can encourage bushier growth and sometimes reduce height.

    When choosing Veronica for your garden, consider the mature height to ensure it fits your design and desired impact. You can combine different heights for a dynamic and layered planting scheme.

    Caring for Veronica in your garden is quite simple, making them delightful low-maintenance plants. Here is a comprehensive guide:

    Watering:

    • Regularly during establishment: Especially in their first year, water your Veronica plants regularly, particularly during dry spells. Aim to keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Adjust watering based on rainfall and your specific soil type.
    • Established plants: Once established, Veronica varieties are drought-tolerant and require less frequent watering. However, monitor soil moisture, especially during prolonged dry periods, and water when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch.

    Fertilizing:

    • Light feeders: Most Veronica varieties do not require heavy feeding. A single light application of slow-release fertilizer in early spring might be sufficient, depending on your soil quality and plant needs. Avoid overfertilizing, as it can encourage excessive growth and weaken the plants' resistance to pests and diseases.

    Weeding:

    • Early and regular: Regularly remove any weeds that compete with your Veronica plants for resources, especially when they are young. Mulching helps suppress weeds, but manual removal might be necessary sometimes.

    Mulching:

    • Benefits: Applying a layer of organic mulch, like shredded bark or wood chips, around the base of your plants offers several benefits. It helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, regulate soil temperature, and enrich the soil as it decomposes.
    • Application: Keep mulch away from the stems of your plants to prevent rot. Aim for a 2–3-inch layer of mulch, replenishing as needed throughout the season.

    Deadheading (optional):

    • Encourages blooms: Some Veronica varieties benefit from deadheading spent blooms to encourage more flowering throughout the season and prevent unwanted self-seeding. However, some provide winter interest with seed heads, so decide based on your preference.

    Monitoring and adjustments:

    • Keep an eye: Regularly observe your Veronica plants and adjust your watering, weeding, or mulching practices as needed. Prune occasionally to maintain desired size and shape, especially after flowering to remove spent flower stalks and encourage bushier growth. Address any pest or disease issues promptly.

    Additional tips:

    • Fall cleanup: Remove fallen leaves in late fall or early winter to prevent smothering and disease issues. You can shred them and use them as mulch.
    • Dividing: Some Veronica varieties can be divided every few years to control their spread or rejuvenate older plants. Research the specific needs of your chosen varieties before dividing.
    • Enjoy the beauty: With proper care, your Veronica plants will thrive and add vibrant blooms, textural interest, and valuable ecological benefits to your garden for years to come.

    Remember, these are general guidelines, and the specific needs of your Veronica plants may vary depending on the variety, climate, and soil conditions. Always research the specific needs of your chosen varieties to ensure optimal care.

    Veronica plants are excellent attractors of pollinators, particularly bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. They offer several features that make them irresistible to these beneficial creatures:

    Blooming Power:

    • Colorful and attractive: Veronica boasts a diverse range of flower colors, including blue, purple, pink, white, and even red, which are highly appealing to pollinators.
    • Rich in nectar: Their flowers produce plentiful nectar, a valuable food source for pollinators, providing them with essential energy for their activities.
    • Pollen accessibility: The open flower structure of Veronica allows pollinators easy access to pollen, another crucial food source for their young and protein for themselves.
    • Extended bloom time: Many Veronica varieties bloom throughout the summer or even into fall, offering a continuous source of nourishment for pollinators over a long period.

    Beyond Blooms:

    • Habitat and shelter: Some Veronica species, like Veronica liwanensis, form low-growing mats that provide shelter and nesting sites for ground-dwelling pollinators like bees and butterflies.
    • Host plants: Certain Veronica varieties, like Veronica persica, serve as host plants for butterfly caterpillars, contributing to the entire life cycle of these beautiful creatures.

    Choosing Pollinator-Friendly Varieties:

    When selecting Veronica varieties to attract pollinators, consider these factors:

    • Single flowers: Opt for varieties with single flowers over double-flowered ones, as pollinators can access pollen more easily in single blooms.
    • Native species: Native Veronica varieties are often better adapted to your local climate and provide specific resources for native pollinators.
    • Diverse selection: Include a variety of Veronica with different flower colors, shapes, and bloom times to cater to a wider range of pollinators.

    By incorporating these pollinator-friendly Veronica varieties into your garden, you can create a haven for these vital creatures, supporting their populations and contributing to a healthy and vibrant ecosystem. Remember, every little bit helps!

    While Veronica plants are quite resistant to pests and diseases, there are a few common issues to be aware of:

    Pests:

    • Slugs and snails: These slimy creatures feed on the foliage, particularly young leaves, and seedlings. Handpicking, beer traps, or diatomaceous earth can help control them.
    • Aphids: These tiny sap-sucking insects can cause distorted leaves and stunted growth. Insecticidal soap sprays or neem oil can be effective against them.
    • Grubs: These beetle larvae feed on plant roots, weakening the plant. Milky spore can be applied to the soil as a preventative measure, and handpicking grubs if you find them is helpful.

    Diseases:

    • Powdery mildew: This fungal disease appears as a white powdery coating on leaves, stunting growth and reducing flower production. Good air circulation, avoiding overhead watering, and fungicide application, if necessary, can help control it.
    • Leaf spots: Various fungal or bacterial pathogens can cause brown or yellow spots on leaves. Removing infected leaves, improving drainage, and fungicide application in severe cases can help manage them.

    Additional tips:

    • Promote healthy plants: Strong, healthy Veronica plants are more resistant to pests and diseases. Ensure proper watering, avoid overfertilizing, and provide adequate sunlight based on the specific variety's needs.
    • Monitor regularly: Regularly inspect your Veronica plants for signs of pests or diseases and address them promptly to prevent them from spreading.
    • Encourage beneficial insects: Ladybugs, lacewings, and other beneficial insects can help control pest populations naturally. Attract them to your garden by planting companion flowers that provide pollen and nectar.
    • Choose resistant varieties: Some Veronica varieties are more resistant to specific pests and diseases than others. Consider this when selecting plants for your garden.

    By following these tips and staying vigilant, you can help keep your Veronica plants healthy and vibrant, allowing them to thrive and beautify your garden for years to come. Remember, early detection and intervention are key to managing pest and disease issues effectively.

    Veronica can be a wonderful addition to floral arrangements, offering both beauty and unique texture. Here is what you need to know:

    Pros:

    • Variety: Veronica comes in many colors, heights, and flower shapes, allowing for diverse visual interest in arrangements. Choose from tall spikes like Veronica longifolia for dramatic height, or shorter varieties like Veronica liwanensis for filler.
    • Texture: The slender spikes and delicate flowers of Veronica add a light, airy texture, contrasting beautifully with other blooms.
    • Long-lasting: If cut at the proper stage and cared for properly, Veronica flowers can last several days in arrangements.
    • Attracts pollinators: Even in arrangements, Veronica can still attract beneficial insects like butterflies, adding a touch of life and movement.

    Cons:

    • Delicate: The stems can be fragile, so handle them with care when cutting and arranging.
    • Hydration: Keep the stems well-hydrated in the arrangement to prevent wilting. Consider using floral supports for taller varieties.
    • Seasonality: Depending on the variety, Veronica might not be readily available year-round.

    Tips for using Veronica in arrangements:

    • Cut at the right stage: Choose stems with buds just starting to open or partially open flowers. Avoid fully open blooms, as they tend to be less durable.
    • Condition the stems: After cutting, stand the stems in warm water for a few hours to help them hydrate.
    • Use floral tape or supports: Wrap delicate stems with floral tape or use support cages for taller varieties to prevent them from drooping.
    • Combine with other flowers: Veronica pairs well with a variety of flowers, such as roses, hydrangeas, lilies, and even wildflowers. Experiment with different color combinations and textures to create your desired look.
    • Keep cool: Store arrangements in a cool location away from direct sunlight to prolong their lifespan.

    Additional notes:

    Certain Veronica varieties, like Veronica spicata, are particularly popular for floral arrangements due to their tall spikes and vibrant colors.

    Remember to remove any foliage that will be underwater in the arrangement to prevent bacterial growth and extend the vase life.

    With proper care and attention, Veronica can be a stunning and unique addition to your floral creations, adding a touch of nature's beauty to your arrangements.

    Whether Veronica is considered invasive depends on several factors, primarily the specific variety and your location. Here is a breakdown:

    Not all Veronica species are invasive. In fact, many are well-behaved garden plants. However, some species, particularly when introduced outside their native range, can become troublesome, and spread aggressively, displacing native vegetation, and disrupting ecosystems.

    Here is how to determine if a specific Veronica is invasive in your area:

    • Check invasive plant lists: Consult official invasive plant lists specific to your state or region. Resources like the USDA PLANTS Database, Invasive Plant Atlas, and your local extension office can provide reliable information.
    • Research the specific variety: Many online resources and plant databases specify whether a particular Veronica species is considered invasive in certain areas.
    • Look for warning signs: If information is limited, be cautious of Veronica varieties known to be invasive in other regions, especially those that spread readily by seed or runners.

    Some commonly listed invasive Veronica species include:

    • Veronica filiformis (creeping speedwell)
    • Veronica persica (Persian speedwell)
    • Veronica hederifolia (ivy-leaved speedwell)

    If you are unsure, it is always best to err on the side of caution and choose non-invasive alternatives. This helps protect native ecosystems and responsible gardening practices.

    Here are some non-invasive Veronica options you can consider:

    • Veronica spicata (spike speedwell)
    • Veronica austriaca (Austrian speedwell)
    • Veronica longifolia (long-leaved speedwell)
    • Veronica gentianoides (gentian speedwell)

    By choosing appropriate Veronica varieties and being mindful of their potential invasiveness, you can enjoy these beautiful plants responsibly and contribute to a healthy environment.

    The best time to propagate Veronica depends on the chosen method and your local climate:

    Division:

    Spring (before new growth emerges) or early fall: These are the ideal times for dividing Veronica as the plant is not actively flowering or stressed by extreme temperatures.

    Cuttings:

    • Softwood cuttings: Early to mid-summer, when new growth is soft and flexible, is the best time for taking softwood cuttings.
    • Semi-hardwood cuttings: Late summer or early fall, when stems are slightly woody, is suitable for semi-hardwood cuttings.

    Seeds:

    • Direct sowing: Sow seeds outdoors in late spring or early summer after the danger of frost has passed.
    • Starting indoors: If starting seeds indoors, sow them 6-8 weeks before the last frost and transplant seedlings outdoors after hardening them off.

    Additional factors:

    • Climate: Consider your local climate when choosing a propagation method. In warmer regions, fall propagation might be more successful than spring, while in colder areas, spring might be the safer option.
    • Specific variety: Research the specific needs of your chosen Veronica variety, as some might have slightly different preferences for propagation timing.

    Here is a table summarizing the best propagation methods and timing for Veronica:

    Method

    Best Timing

    Division

    Spring (before new growth) or early fall

    Softwood cuttings

    Early to mid-summer

    Semi-hardwood cuttings

    Late summer or early fall

    Direct sowing

    Late spring or early summer

    Starting seeds indoors

    6-8 weeks before last frost

    Remember, regardless of the method you choose, proper preparation and care are crucial for successful Veronica propagation. Ensure you have the necessary tools, suitable potting mix, and a location with appropriate light and temperature conditions for your chosen method.

    Choosing the right Veronica for slopes, walls, edging, paths, and rock gardens depends on the specific characteristics of the site and the desired aesthetic. Here is a guide to help you select the perfect Veronica:

    1. Consider the site conditions:

    • Sunlight: Assess how much sun the area receives. Most Veronicas prefer full sun, but some tolerate partial shade.
    • Soil: Determine the soil type and drainage. Well-drained soil is crucial for most Veronicas.
    • Space: Estimate the available space and the desired height and spread of the plant.

    2. Choose the growth habit:

    • Spreading/Creeping: Ideal for slopes, walls, edging, and rock gardens. They form a dense mat that helps with erosion control and weed suppression.
    • Examples: Veronica prostrata, Veronica repens, Veronica oltensis
    • Upright/Clump-forming: Better suited for borders or as accents in larger rock gardens.
    • Examples: Veronica spicata, Veronica longifolia, Veronica austriaca

    3. Select the desired aesthetic:

    • Flower color: Choose from a variety of colors, including blue, purple, pink, and white. Consider how the flower color will complement other plants in the area.
    • Foliage: Some Veronicas have attractive foliage, such as variegated or silver-leaved varieties.

    Specific recommendations:

    • Slopes: Spreading varieties like Veronica prostrata or Veronica repens are excellent for stabilizing slopes and adding color.
    • Walls: Trailing varieties like Veronica peduncularis 'Georgia Blue' can cascade over walls, creating a beautiful effect.
    • Edging: Low-growing, spreading types like Veronica oltensis form a neat edge along paths or borders.
    • Paths: Combine upright and spreading varieties to create a dynamic and textured path border.
    • Rock gardens: Choose compact, spreading varieties that can weave between rocks, such as Veronica liwanensis.

    Additional tips:

    • Read plant labels: Pay close attention to the mature size and growth habit of the Veronica you choose.
    • Consider the surrounding plants: Select Veronicas that will complement the colors and textures of other plants in the area.
    • Do not be afraid to experiment: Try different varieties to see which ones thrive in your specific conditions.

    By considering these factors, you can choose the perfect Veronica to enhance your slopes, walls, edging, paths, and rock gardens.

    Veronica, with its diverse growth habits and adaptability, offers excellent choices for slopes, walls, edging, paths, and rock gardens. Here are some of the best varieties for these specific applications:  

    For Slopes and Walls:

    • Veronica spicata 'Sunny Border Blue': This compact variety forms neat mounds of vibrant blue flower spikes, perfect for stabilizing slopes or cascading over walls. It is drought tolerant and thrives in full sun.
    • Veronica austriaca 'Crater Lake Blue': With its spreading habit and masses of bright blue flowers, this Veronica is ideal for covering slopes and softening the edges of walls.
    • Veronica prostrata 'Trehane': This prostrate variety forms a dense mat of foliage with pale blue flowers, making it effective for erosion control on slopes and adding texture to walls.

    For Edging and Paths:

    • Veronica teucrium 'Royal Blue': This upright variety with deep blue flower spikes creates a neat and colorful edging along pathways or borders.
    • Veronica longifolia 'Eveline': With its tall, elegant spikes of lavender-pink flowers, this Veronica adds vertical interest and a touch of romance to pathways.
    • Veronica spicata 'Red Fox': This compact variety with rosy-red flower spikes provides a vibrant contrast against green foliage and hardscaping.

    For Rock Gardens:

    • Veronica repens 'Sunshine': This low-growing, spreading variety with bright yellow foliage and pale blue flowers adds a cheerful touch to rock gardens.
    • Veronica prostrata 'Aztec Gold': With its golden foliage and blue flowers, this prostrate Veronica creates a striking contrast in rock gardens and spills over stones beautifully.
    • Veronica serpyllifolia (Thyme-leaved Speedwell): This delicate, creeping species with pale blue flowers forms a low mat, ideal for tucking into crevices and softening the edges of rocks.

    Tips for Choosing:

    • Consider the mature size: Choose varieties that fit the scale of your space.
    • Assess sunlight conditions: Select varieties that match the light levels in your chosen location.
    • Think about color combinations: Combine different Veronica varieties with complementary colors for a vibrant display.

    By selecting the right Veronica varieties, you can add beauty, texture, and ecological value to slopes, walls, edging, paths, and rock gardens.

    Veronica peduncularis is a charming, low-growing perennial that is a favorite for adding early spring color to gardens. Native to the Caucasus, Ukraine, and western Asia, it is known for its vigorous growth and carpet-like spread.

    Here is a rundown of its key features and growing needs:

    Characteristics:

    • Growth Habit: Forms a dense mat of foliage, typically reaching only 4-6 inches tall but spreading indefinitely outwards.
    • Foliage: Ovate to oblong, toothed leaves, about 1 inch long. The foliage of some cultivars, like 'Georgia Blue', emerges reddish-green in spring, matures to deep green in summer, and turns bronze in fall.
    • Flowers: Profuse saucer-shaped, white flowers with pink veining. Appear in short, loose clusters (racemes) from late spring to early summer. May rebloom sporadically throughout the summer.

    Cultivation:

    • Light: Prefers full sun but will tolerate some light shade.
    • Soil: Thrives in moderately fertile, well-drained soil. Adaptable to various soil types.
    • Moisture: Prefers consistently moist soil but is fairly drought-tolerant once established.
    • Hardiness: Hardy in USDA zones 5a to 8b.

    Landscape Uses:

    • Groundcover: Excellent for suppressing weeds and adding texture.
    • Rock gardens: Its low, spreading habit makes it ideal for cascading over rocks.
    • Borders: Effective as an edging plant or in the front of borders.
    • Containers: Spills gracefully over the edges of pots and planters.

    Cultivars:

    • 'Georgia Blue': A popular cultivar with intense blue flowers and attractive bronze foliage in fall.

    Benefits:

    • Early bloomer: Provides color when few other plants are in flower.
    • Vigorous grower: Quickly fills in spaces and provides good ground coverage.
    • Attracts pollinators: A good source of nectar for bees and butterflies.
    • Low maintenance: Easy to grow and requires little care.

    Care Tips:

    • Shear back after the main flush of bloom to encourage reblooming and maintain a tidy appearance.
    • Divide every few years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding.

    If you are looking for a reliable, low-growing perennial with a long season of interest, Veronica peduncularis is an excellent choice. It is a versatile plant that can add beauty to a variety of garden settings.

    Veronica serpyllifolia is a low-growing, creeping perennial species of speedwell. It is known for its delicate appearance and ability to thrive in various conditions, often found in lawns, meadows, and disturbed areas.

    Key Features:

    • Flowers: Small, saucer-shaped flowers with four pale blue to white petals, often with darker blue stripes. They bloom in loose, elongated clusters at the top of the stems.
    • Leaves: Small, oval-shaped leaves (resembling thyme leaves) that are oppositely arranged on the stem. They are smooth-edged or with very fine teeth.
    • Growth Habit: Forms a mat of creeping stems that root at the nodes, creating a dense ground cover. Reaches only 4-10 inches in height.
    • Spread: Spreads readily by creeping stems and seed, making it potentially weedy in some situations.

    Growing Conditions:

    • Sunlight: Tolerates a wide range of light conditions, from full sun to partial shade.
    • Soil: Prefers moist, well-drained soil but can adapt to various soil types.
    • Moisture: Tolerates some drought but prefers consistently moist conditions.

    Uses:

    • Ground cover: Effective for suppressing weeds and adding a delicate texture to lawns, meadows, or borders.
    • Rock gardens: Its low-growing habit makes it suitable for rock gardens or between steppingstones.
    • Lawns: Can be incorporated into lawns as a low-maintenance alternative to traditional grasses.

    Other Information:

    • Native Range: Widespread across North America, Europe, and Asia.
    • Wildlife Value: Attracts pollinators, particularly bees.
    • Maintenance: Generally low-maintenance. May require occasional trimming to prevent excessive spreading.

    Similar Species:

    Veronica serpyllifolia can be confused with other small, creeping speedwells. Pay close attention to the flower color and leaf shape to distinguish it from similar species.

    If you are considering adding Veronica serpyllifolia to your garden, be mindful of its potential to spread. It is best suited for areas where it can be allowed to naturalize or where its spread can be easily controlled.

    Veronica spicata, commonly known as Spiked Speedwell, is a popular perennial prized for its showy spikes of vibrant flowers and easy-care nature. Here is a rundown of its key features and growing needs:

    Characteristics:

    • Flowers: Dense, elongated spikes (racemes) packed with small, star-shaped flowers. Typically, deep violet-blue, but cultivars offer a range of colors including pink, white, and purple. Bloom time is typically early to mid-summer.
    • Foliage: Lance-shaped, deep green leaves with serrated edges. Forms a bushy mound of foliage from which the flower spikes emerge.
    • Growth Habit: Upright and clump-forming. Reaches heights of 1 to 3 feet with a spread of 1 to 2 feet.
    • Hardiness: Hardy in USDA zones 3 to 8, making it suitable for a wide range of climates.

    Cultivation:

    • Light: Thrives in full sun (6+ hours daily) for optimal flowering. Tolerates partial shade but may produce fewer blooms.
    • Soil: Prefers well-drained soil that is moderately fertile. Adaptable to various soil types, including loam, clay, and sandy soils.
    • Moisture: Likes consistently moist soil but avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. Drought tolerant once established.
    • Maintenance: Low-maintenance. Deadhead spent flower spikes to encourage reblooming and prevent self-seeding. Divide clumps every few years to maintain vigor.

    Landscape Uses:

    • Borders: Adds vertical interest and vibrant color to perennial borders.
    • Rock gardens: Its drought tolerance and compact habit make it well-suited to rock gardens.
    • Cottage gardens: Blends beautifully with other cottage garden favorites like roses, lavender, and salvia.
    • Pollinator gardens: Attracts bees and butterflies, contributing to a healthy garden ecosystem.
    • Cut flowers: The long-lasting blooms make excellent additions to fresh flower arrangements.

    Potential Challenges:

    • Self-seeding: Can self-seed aggressively in some conditions. Deadheading spent flowers helps prevent this.
    • Powdery mildew: Susceptible to powdery mildew in humid conditions. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering.

    With its vibrant flowers, adaptable nature, and low-maintenance requirements, Veronica spicata is a rewarding addition to any garden.