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Phlox (flox); Polemoniaceae Family. Phlox are annual or perennial herbaceous plants of North America, with lance-shaped leaves, opposite or alternative. The flowers are in loose panicle clusters atop stiff to willow erect stems. Each flower has five petals with a long narrow tube. They grow best in an open site where the soil is well-drained.

The genus name, phlox is from the Greek word for flame and refers to their brightly colored flowers. There is a variety of phlox for most any garden location. Thousands of phlox varieties are typically grouped by their two primary growth habits, upright or creeping. Spring-blooming creeping phlox can be a ground cover for rock gardens to woodland settings, whereas tall garden phlox will brighten any border with their cheerful early summer flowers

Upright or tall, summer-blooming, phlox species include -

Phlox paniculata (pan-ik-yew-la-tuh) - Garden Phlox is a clump-forming, upright plant which produces large, showy flower clusters. Plants are generally 2 to 4 feet tall.
Phlox maculata (mak-yew-la-tuh) - Similar to garden phlox, Spotted Phlox flowers earlier, has darker green leaves and conical flower heads. Plants are generally 2 to 3 feet tall.
Phlox divaricata (div-ar-ik-ka-tuh)- A native woodland phlox found in moist, partially shaded woodland sites.

Tall garden phlox is an herbaceous perennial that returns consistently year after year from a thickened root stock.

Creeping, spring-blooming , phlox species include -

Phlox subulata (sub-yew-la-tuh)- Moss Pink, Moss Phlox, Thrift or Carpet Phlox forms dense, 4 to 6 inches tall mats. Foliage is narrow, stiff, and needle-like in appearance.
Phlox stolonifera (stoh-lon-nif-er-uh) - This creeping phlox is 6 to 12 inches tall and bloom in spring.

Phlox

Phlox subulata 'Red Wing' (3.5 inch pot)

Phlox subulata 'Red Wing' (3.5-inch pot)Common name: Phlox-Creeping, Moss Pinks. 'Red Wing' has striking pinkish-crimson flowers with a dark red center which blanket the foliage in late spring. It makes a tremendous color impact which can be seen...

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Phlox

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' (3.5 inch pot)

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' (3.5-inch pot) Common name: Phlox-Creeping, Moss Pinks. 'Snowflake' forms a short, tight, rounded clump of bright white flowers that will sparkle in the spring sunshine. Its profuse carpet of flowers creates a subtle...

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Phlox

Phlox subulata Pink (18)ct Flat

Phlox subulata Pink Common Name: Creeping Phlox or Moss Phlox.Zones 3 to 9; Full sun to partial shade. Colorful and compact, creeping Phlox can reach 6 inches in height and spread out 2 feet, creating a thick mat of evergreen to semi-evergreen...

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What Is Phlox?

"Phlox" refers to a genus of about sixty-eight species of flowering plants in the family Polemoniaceae. They are native to North America, with one species found in Siberia. Phlox plants are herbaceous and can be annuals or perennials. They typically have oval or linear leaves and produce clusters of star-shaped flowers in a variety of colors, including white, pink, purple, red, and blue. Many phlox species are fragrant.

Here are some of the most common types of phlox:

Garden phlox (Phlox paniculata): This is the most popular type of phlox for gardens. It is a tall-growing perennial that can reach up to four feet in height. Garden phlox blooms in midsummer to early fall and produces large clusters of fragrant flowers.

Creeping phlox (Phlox subulata): This is a low-growing perennial that is often used as a groundcover. It grows to only about six inches in height and blooms in the spring. Creeping phlox produces mats of colorful flowers that are attractive to butterflies and hummingbirds.

Drummond phlox (Phlox drummondii): This is an annual phlox that is easy to grow from seed. It grows to about twelve inches in height and blooms in midsummer to early fall. Drummond phlox comes in a wide variety of colors, including white, pink, purple, red, and blue.

Phlox are relatively easy to care for and are a good choice for beginner gardeners. They prefer full sun and well-drained soil. They are fairly drought-tolerant but will benefit from regular watering during hot, dry weather. Phlox are also relatively pest- and disease-resistant.

How Do I Plant Phlox?

Planting phlox can be a rewarding experience, bringing vibrant color and fragrant blooms to your garden. Here is a guide to help you get started:

When to Plant:

Spring: Ideal for most types of phlox, especially in colder climates. Plant after the last frost when the soil temperature is around 50°F (10°C).

Fall: A good option for warmer climates. Plant at least 6 weeks before the first frost to allow roots to establish.

Choosing a Location:

Sunlight: Most phlox varieties prefer full sun (at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily) for optimal bloom production.

Soil: Phlox thrive in well-drained soil with good air circulation. Amend heavy clay soil with compost or sand to improve drainage.

Spacing: Leave enough space between plants for mature growth. Tall garden phlox need about eighteen inches, while creeping phlox prefer two feet.

Planting Steps:

Prepare the soil: Loosen the soil to a depth of 12-15 inches and mix in 2-4 inches of compost or aged manure. This improves drainage and provides nutrients.

Dig holes: Dig holes twice the size of the root ball (or seed depth for direct sowing).

Plant: Carefully remove the plant from its container (if transplanting) and loosen the roots gently. Place the plant in the hole, ensuring the crown (where the stems meet the roots) sits slightly above soil level.

Backfill and water: Fill the hole with soil, tamp it down gently, and water deeply to settle the soil around the roots.

Additional Tips:

Mulch around the plants with a 2-inch layer of organic material like bark chips or straw to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Water regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. Aim for about one inch of water per week.

Deadhead spent blooms to encourage further flowering.

Divide established phlox every 3-4 years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding.

Seed Sowing:

Some varieties, like Drummond phlox, can be directly sown in the garden after the last frost.

Follow seed packet instructions for specific spacing and depth.

Keep the soil moist until seedlings emerge.

Remember, specific needs may vary depending on the type of phlox you choose, so consulting a plant guide or local nursery for additional information is always helpful.

Enjoy planting your phlox and watching them flourish!

What Are The Different Varieties Of Phlox?

The world of phlox is surprisingly diverse, offering a variety of vibrant blooms and growth habits to suit different gardens and preferences. Here are some of the most popular types:

By Height and Growth Habit:

Tall Garden Phlox (Phlox paniculata): The grand dame of phlox, reaching up to four feet with large, fragrant flower clusters in midsummer to fall. Colors range from white and pink to red and purple. Perfect for adding height and drama to borders.

Creeping Phlox (Phlox subulata): A low-growing (6 inches) evergreen perennial forming colorful mats in spring. Ideal for rock gardens, borders, and edging pathways. Available in a range of colors like pink, blue, and white.

Woodland Phlox (Phlox divaricata): Shade-loving phlox (2-3 feet) with delicate, fragrant flowers in late spring and early summer. Perfect for woodland gardens and naturalized areas. Colors include violet-blue, pink, and white.

Drummond Phlox (Phlox drummondii): An annual phlox reaching twelve inches with cheerful blooms in midsummer to fall. Easy to grow from seed and available in a rainbow of colors, ideal for adding a pop of color to containers or beds.

By Bloom Time:

Spring-Blooming: Creeping phlox, Moss phlox, and Wild Sweet William (Phlox divaricata)

Summer-Blooming: Garden phlox, Drummond phlox, and One-Sided Phlox (Phlox maculata)

Fall-Blooming: Garden phlox (some cultivars) and Sweet William Phlox (Phlox stolonifera)

Other Variations:

Moss Phlox: A type of creeping phlox with dense, moss-like foliage.

Carolina Phlox (Phlox pilosa): A fragrant, summer-blooming phlox with lavender-blue flowers native to the southeastern US.

Downy Phlox (Phlox pubescens): A shade-tolerant phlox with fragrant pink or white flowers in late spring and early summer.

Remember, this is just a glimpse into the fascinating world of phlox. Many other cultivars and species exist, offering unique characteristics and beauty.

Researching specific varieties based on your desired bloom time, color, height, and growing conditions will help you choose the perfect phlox for your garden. Happy planting!

How Do I Care For Phlox In My Garden?

Taking care of phlox in your garden is not too demanding, but following some key practices will keep them thriving and blooming beautifully. Here is a guide to their basic needs:

Sunshine and Soil:

Most phlox varieties prefer full sun (at least 6 hours) for optimal growth and flowering. Some like woodland phlox tolerate partial shade well.

Ensure well-drained soil rich in organic matter like compost or aged manure. Amend heavy clay soil with sand to improve drainage. Avoid waterlogged conditions.

Watering and Feeding:

Water regularly, especially during hot, dry periods. Aim for about one inch of water per week, ensuring deep watering reaches the roots.

Mulch around plants with 2-3 inches of organic material like bark chips or straw to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Fertilize sparingly. Once in early spring with a balanced fertilizer is usually sufficient. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to leggy growth and fewer blooms.

Maintenance and Pruning:

Deadhead spent blooms regularly throughout the season to encourage continued flowering. Simply pinch off the faded heads above a set of leaves.

Divide established phlox every 3-4 years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding. This is best done in spring after new growth emerges.

Cut back tall garden phlox stems about 2-3 inches above the ground in late fall or early spring before new growth appears.

Additional Tips:

Observe your plants and adjust care based on their individual needs and the specific varieties you grow.

Watch out for common pests and diseases like powdery mildew and leafhoppers. Take appropriate action, if necessary, but phlox are generally quite pest resistant.

Enjoy the vibrant blooms! Phlox are relatively low-maintenance and reward you with stunning color and fragrance throughout the season.

Remember, different phlox varieties might have slightly unique needs, so consulting a plant guide or local nursery for specific care recommendations is always beneficial.

Have fun watching your phlox flourish in your garden!

Do Phlox Plants Attract Pollinators?

Phlox plants are pollinator magnets, attracting a variety of buzzing and flitting friends to your garden with their vibrant blooms and sweet nectar. Here's why phlox are so beloved by pollinators:

Attractive Features:

Bright Colors: Many phlox varieties boast dazzling blooms in shades of pink, purple, red, blue, and white. These bright colors act as beacons, guiding pollinators towards the nectar treasure trove.

Fragrant Blooms: Most phlox release a sweet, honey-like scent, further enticing pollinators like bees and butterflies.

Open Flower Shape: The star-shaped flowers with easy access to nectar are perfectly designed for pollinators to reach the tasty reward.

Long Blooming Period: Many phlox varieties, like garden phlox, bloom for weeks or even months, providing a reliable source of food for pollinators throughout the season.

Pollinator Diversity:

Bees: Bumblebees, honeybees, and other bee species readily visit phlox for their abundant nectar.

Butterflies: Phlox's bright colors and open flower shape make them irresistible to butterflies like monarchs, swallowtails, and fritillaries.

Hummingbirds: Some phlox varieties with tubular flowers, like red phlox, attract hummingbirds seeking a quick energy boost.

Benefits for Your Garden:

By attracting pollinators, phlox plants play a crucial role in your garden's ecosystem. These busy insects:

Help pollinate other plants, increasing fruit and seed production.

Contribute to a healthy, biodiverse environment.

Provide a fascinating natural spectacle for you to enjoy!

Planting for Pollinators:

To maximize your phlox's pollinator appeal, consider these tips:

Plant a variety of phlox species with different bloom times to provide a continuous food source for pollinators throughout the season.

Group phlox plants together in drifts or masses to create larger patches of color and scent, making them even more noticeable to pollinators.

Combine phlox with other pollinator-friendly plants like zinnias, coneflowers, and herbs to create a diverse and thriving pollinator haven.

So, if you are looking for beautiful, low-maintenance plants that will bring life and color to your garden while attracting beneficial pollinators, phlox is a fantastic choice. Let these vibrant blooms blossom in your space and witness the wonder of nature's busy pollinators at work!

Are There Any Common Pests Or Diseases That Affect Phlox?

Unfortunately, no plant is completely pest and disease-proof, and phlox are no exception. While generally resilient, they can occasionally face some challenges. Here are some of the most common pests and diseases that can affect phlox:

Pests:

Phlox bugs: These bright red and black bugs suck sap from leaves and buds, causing stippling, yellowing, and stunted growth. They are particularly fond of garden phlox and can cause significant damage if left unchecked.

Leafhoppers: These tiny, jumping insects also feed on sap, leaving behind similar stippling and yellowing symptoms. They can also spread diseases between plants.

Spider mites: These tiny pests thrive in hot, dry weather and can quickly cover the undersides of leaves with their webbing. They feed on plant juices, causing leaves to turn yellow, bronze, or drop prematurely.

Thrips: These slender insects feed on flowers and buds, causing them to distort or become discolored. Thrips can also be vectors for plant viruses.

Diseases:

Powdery mildew: This fungal disease appears as white, powdery patches on leaves and stems. It thrives in cool, humid conditions and can stunt growth and reduce flowering.

Leaf spot: This fungal or bacterial disease causes brown or tan spots on leaves, which can eventually drop prematurely.

Root rot: This fungal disease attacks the roots, causing plants to wilt and die. It is most common in poorly drained soil or conditions with excessive moisture.

Controlling Pests and Diseases:

The best approach is to focus on prevention:

Provide good air circulation: Avoid overcrowding plants and ensure proper spacing.

Water correctly: Water deeply at the base of the plant, avoiding overhead watering that can spread fungal diseases.

Mulch around plants: A layer of organic mulch helps retain moisture and suppress weeds, which can harbor pests.

Encourage beneficial insects: Ladybugs, lacewings, and other beneficial insects help control pest populations naturally.

Practice good sanitation: Remove and destroy infected plant material promptly.

If pests or diseases become a problem, several organic and conventional control methods are available. Always consult a reputable source or gardening expert for specific recommendations based on your location and the severity of the infestation or disease.

By staying vigilant and responding appropriately, you can help your phlox plants thrive and bring vibrant color and fragrance to your garden throughout the season.

Can I Use Phlox In Floral Arrangements?

Phlox is a fantastic choice for floral arrangements thanks to its versatility, beauty, and long-lasting blooms. Here is why it makes a great addition to your floral creations:

Variety and Beauty:

Diverse Colors: Phlox boasts a stunning range of colors, from soft pastels like pink and lavender to vibrant hues like red, purple, and blue. This vast palette allows you to create arrangements that suit any mood or occasion.

Star-Shaped Blooms: The unique star-shaped flowers of phlox add a touch of whimsy and texture to your arrangements. They come in assorted sizes, from the delicate blooms of creeping phlox to the showy heads of garden phlox.

Fragrant Delight: Many phlox varieties release a sweet, honey-like fragrance that adds another layer of sensory delight to your arrangements. Imagine the subtle scent wafting through a room, enhancing the ambiance and enjoyment of your creation.

Versatility and Longevity:

Multiple Stem Types: Phlox comes in different stem lengths and thicknesses, from the delicate stems of creeping phlox to the sturdy stalks of garden phlox. This versatility allows you to use them in various arrangements, from small bouquets to grand centerpieces.

Long-Lasting Blooms: Phlox flowers are known for their impressive staying power. When cut fresh and cared for properly, they can last up to a week in arrangements, adding vibrant color and beauty for extended periods.

Mixing and Matching:

Blending Textures: Phlox readily combines with other flowers and foliage to create visually appealing arrangements. Pair their delicate blooms with bolder textures like ferns or eucalyptus for a dynamic contrast.

Color Play: Experiment with different phlox colors to create harmonious or contrasting palettes. Soft pastel shades create a romantic feel, while vibrant hues add a touch of energy and drama.

Symbolic Meaning: Phlox carries symbolic meaning associated with sweetness, harmony, and unity. Adding them to your arrangements can convey these positive sentiments, making them perfect for wedding bouquets, friendship gestures, or simply bringing joy to your home.

So, the next time you are creating a floral arrangement, do not hesitate to embrace the beauty and versatility of phlox. With their stunning colors, delicate blooms, and long-lasting appeal, they are sure to add a touch of magic to your floral creations.

Is Phlox Invasive?

Whether phlox is invasive depends on the specific type and your location. Here is a breakdown:

Non-invasive: The most popular types of phlox, like garden phlox (Phlox paniculata) and creeping phlox (Phlox subulata), are not considered invasive in most regions. They spread modestly within their designated area and generally do not threaten native plants or ecosystems.

Invasive Lookalike: Be aware of Dame's rocket (Hesperis matronalis), which closely resembles phlox but is highly invasive. It has four petals instead of five and belongs to a different plant family. Dame's rocket can quickly spread and displace native vegetation.

Location-Specific Concerns:

Certain Varieties: Some less common phlox varieties, like Carolina phlox (Phlox pilosa), may be invasive in specific regions. Check with your local gardening authorities or experts to determine if any phlox types are considered invasive in your area.

Factors Influencing Invasiveness: Even non-invasive phlox can spread more aggressively in certain situations, such as disturbed soil or lack of competition. Proper planting and care practices can help prevent unwanted spreading.

When Is The Best Time To Divide Phlox Plants?

The best time to divide phlox plants depends on a few factors, including the climate in your area and the specific type of phlox you are growing. Here is a breakdown to help you decide:

General Recommendations:

Spring: This is the ideal time for dividing most phlox in cold and temperate climates. Aim to do it just as new growth begins to emerge, typically in early spring after the last frost. This gives the divisions enough time to establish before winter arrives.

Fall: In warmer climates with mild winters, dividing phlox in late summer or early fall (August to September) can also be successful. Make sure to do it at least 6 weeks before the first expected frost and mulch them well before winter sets in.

Variety-Specific Considerations:

Garden Phlox (Phlox paniculata): Spring division is generally preferred but fall division can also work in warmer climates.

Creeping Phlox (Phlox subulata): Can be divided any time during the year, but spring or fall are most ideal.

Drummond Phlox (Phlox drummondii): This annual phlox does not need dividing.

Signs Your Phlox Needs Dividing:

Crowded Plants: If your phlox plants are becoming overcrowded, the center may no longer flower, and overall growth may be stunted. Division will help rejuvenate them.

Reduced Blooming: Fewer flowers than usual can be a sign that the plants need more space and nutrients.

Doughnut Shape: If your phlox plants are growing in a circular shape with a dead patch in the center, it is a clear indication they need dividing.

Remember:

Avoid dividing phlox on hot, sunny days. Choose a cool, cloudy day or early morning/evening.

Water the plants thoroughly before and after dividing.

Ensure each division has healthy roots and at least 3-5 shoots.

Plant the divisions immediately in well-drained soil at the appropriate depth.

By understanding the best timing and considering your specific type of phlox and local climate, you can successfully divide your phlox plants and enjoy their vibrant blooms for many years to come!

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Phlox

Phlox subulata 'Red Wing' (3.5 inch pot)

Phlox

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' (3.5 inch pot)

Phlox

Phlox subulata Pink (18)ct Flat

Phlox

Phlox subulata 'Red Wing' (3.5 inch pot)

Phlox

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' (3.5 inch pot)

Phlox

Phlox subulata Pink (18)ct Flat

What Is Phlox?

How Do I Plant Phlox?

What Are The Different Varieties Of Phlox?

How Do I Care For Phlox In My Garden?

Do Phlox Plants Attract Pollinators?

Are There Any Common Pests Or Diseases That Affect Phlox?

Can I Use Phlox In Floral Arrangements?

Is Phlox Invasive?

When Is The Best Time To Divide Phlox Plants?