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Vinca (vin-kuh) (common periwinkle, greater periwinkle) Apocynaceae Family. Trailing or creeping herbs that are sometimes evergreen, sometimes shrubby. Vinca are primarily from the warmer regions of Europe and Asia. Primarily ground covers, they grow to 2 or 3 feet long, and do best with some shade. They require a great deal of moisture and if allowed to dry out, they will quickly die. They have opposite leaves and small, funnel-shaped flowers. A sprinkling of fertilizer in early spring, at the same time it is sheared back to remove any growth that may have winter-burn, promotes dense, healthy new shoots.

Enjoy vinca's colorful blooms from spring through fall. The blue, purple, or white flowers provide a colorful accent to the shiny, green foliage. This easy, adaptable groundcover tolerates a wide range of soil conditions. Note: It can also grow very quickly -- to the point some gardeners call it invasive.

Vinca spreads by creeping across the ground and rooting at each node that touches the surface. This makes it an excellent plant to use for erosion control on slopes. Once established, it is a low-maintenance plant.

Easy-to-grow in any well-drained soil, but grow best in fertile, loamy soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. Good low maintenance lawn alternative as it tolerates some foot traffic. Excellent for slopes or low-maintenance cover, especially in areas requiring erosion control. Mow in the fall for fresh foliage. Also a great plant for hanging containers or window boxes which allow the glossy foliage to cascade over the sides. Deer and rabbit resistant.

Vinca major and Vinca minor are nearly identical except for leaf shape and flower size. Vinca major has broader leaves with longer hairs on the petioles, larger flowers, and is less cold hardy. Both are low maintenance and often used for controlling soil erosion on shady slopes.

PLANTING: Space 6 to 12 inches apart. Choose a site in partial shade, though the Vincas will tolerate deeper shade; average garden soil will do.
MAINTENANCE: Keep plants well watered during periods of drought. A balanced fertilizer applied in the spring will encourage optimum growth.

Vinca

Vinca major 'Green' (10)ct Flat

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Vinca major 'Green' (18)ct Flat

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Vinca major 'Green' (3.5 inch pot)

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Vinca major 'Variegata' (3.5 inch pot)

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Vinca

Vinca minor 'Illumination' PP12132 (10)ct Flat

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Vinca minor (18)ct Flat

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Vinca minor (2.5 inch pot)

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Vinca minor (3.5 inch pot)

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Vinca minor (bare root plant)

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Vinca

Vinca major 'Green' (10)ct Flat

Vinca major (10)ct FlatCommon names: Big Leaf Periwinkle, greater periwinkle Height: 6-18 InchesHardiness Zone: 6-9Full Sun to ShadePrefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern ZonesSemi-Evergreen in Northern zonesTolerates most soil conditionsVinca major, a...

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Vinca

Vinca major 'Green' (18)ct Flat

Vinca major (18)ct FlatCommon names: Big Leaf Periwinkle, greater periwinkle Height: 6-18 InchesHardiness Zone: 6-9Full Sun to ShadePrefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern ZonesSemi-Evergreen in Northern zonesTolerates most soil conditionsVinca major, a...

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Vinca

Vinca major 'Green' (3.5 inch pot)

Vinca major (3.5-inch pot)Common names: Big Leaf Periwinkle, greater periwinkle Height: 6-18 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-9 Full Sun to Shade Prefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern Zones Semi-Evergreen in Northern zones Tolerates most soil conditions ...

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Vinca

Vinca major 'Variegata' (3.5 inch pot)

Vinca major 'Variegata' (3.5-inch pot)Common names: Variegated Big Leaf Periwinkle, greater periwinkle Height: 6-18 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-9 Full Sun to Shade Prefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern Zones Semi-Evergreen in Northern zones Tolerates...

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Vinca

Vinca minor 'Illumination' PP12132 (10)ct Flat

Vinca minor 'Illumination' PP12132 - (10)ct Flat Common Name: periwinkle Zones 4 to 9; tender. Part shade to full shade. Plants reach 4 to 6 inches tall and 24 to 36 inches wide; mat-forming evergreen groundcover with trailing habit. Space 12+ inches...

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Vinca

Vinca minor (18)ct Flat

Vinca minor (18)ct FlatCommon names: Periwinkle, lesser periwinkle, dwarf periwinkle Height: 6-18 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-9 Full Sun to Shade Prefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern Zones Semi-Evergreen in Northern zones Tolerates most soil conditions ...

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Vinca

Vinca minor (2.5 inch pot)

Vinca minor (2.5-inch pot)Common names: Periwinkle, lesser periwinkle, dwarf periwinkle Height: 6-18 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-9 Full Sun to Shade Prefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern Zones Semi-Evergreen in Northern zones Tolerates most soil...

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Vinca

Vinca minor (3.5 inch pot)

Vinca minor (3.5-inch pot)Common names: Periwinkle, lesser periwinkle, dwarf periwinkle Height: 6-18 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-9 Full Sun to Shade Prefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern Zones Semi-Evergreen in Northern zones Tolerates most soil...

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Vinca

Vinca minor (bare root plant)

Vinca minor Bare Root PlantCommon names: Periwinkle, lesser periwinkle, dwarf periwinkle Height: 6-18 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-9 Full Sun to Shade Prefers Part Shade to Shade in Southern Zones Semi-Evergreen in Northern zones Tolerates most soil...

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What Is Vinca?

The genus Vinca is a group of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. They are native to Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia. The common name for Vinca plants is periwinkle.

There are five species of Vinca:

Vinca major, the greater periwinkle, is an evergreen shrub that grows up to 2 meters tall. It has large, blue flowers that bloom in spring and summer.

Vinca minor, the lesser periwinkle, is a creeping evergreen groundcover that grows up to 15 cm tall. It has small, blue flowers that bloom in spring and summer.

Vinca herbacea, the common periwinkle, is a deciduous herbaceous plant that grows up to 30 cm tall. It has small, blue flowers that bloom in spring and summer.

Vinca difformis, the Algerian periwinkle, is a small evergreen shrub that grows up to 50 cm tall. It has purple flowers that bloom in spring and summer.

Vinca pubescens, the hairy periwinkle, is a small evergreen shrub that grows up to 50 cm tall. It has pink flowers that bloom in spring and summer.

Vinca plants are popular in gardens because they are easy to grow and care for. They are also tolerant of a wide range of soil and light conditions. Vinca plants can be used as groundcovers, borders, or in containers.

All parts of Vinca plants are poisonous and should not be eaten. The toxic principle is vincamine, which can cause gastrointestinal upset, drowsiness, and confusion.

How Do I Plant Vinca?

Planting Vinca depends on whether you're working with the annual variety (Vinca major) or the perennial variety (Vinca minor). Here's a breakdown for both:

Annual Vinca:

Timing: Plant seedlings outdoors after the last frost of spring, when nighttime temperatures stay above freezing. If starting from seeds, sow them indoors 10-12 weeks before the last frost date.

Location: Choose a spot with full sun to partial sun for optimal blooming. They tolerate poor soil and some drought, but well-drained soil is preferable.

Planting: For beds or borders, space seedlings 8 inches apart. For larger groundcover areas, space them 12-18 inches apart. Dig holes slightly larger than the root ball and plant at the same depth they were in their containers. Water well after planting.

Perennial Vinca:

Timing: Plant any time from early spring to fall, as long as the soil isn't frozen.

Location: They thrive in partial shade to full sun, but can tolerate shade in hotter climates. They adapt to various soil types but prefer well-drained, loose soil.

Planting: Dig holes 2-3 times the size of the root ball and loosen the surrounding soil. Gently tease apart the roots and plant at the same depth they were in the container. Backfill the hole with soil, pat down firmly, and water deeply.

General Tips for Both:

Amend the soil with compost or organic matter before planting for improved drainage and nutrients.

Water regularly, especially during hot, dry periods, but avoid overwatering.

Deadhead spent flowers throughout the season to encourage reblooming.

Pruning isn't necessary for perennials, but you can trim them lightly to control their spread.

Mulch around your Vinca plants to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

Remember, these are just general guidelines. Specific needs may vary depending on your climate, soil type, and chosen variety. Don't hesitate to research your specific Vinca for any quirks or special requirements.

I hope this helps you plant your Vincas successfully and enjoy their vibrant blooms!

What Are The Different Varieties Of Vinca?

There are two main types of Vinca: annual Vinca (Catharanthus roseus) and perennial Vinca (Vinca minor and Vinca major). They come in a wide variety of colors and forms, making them versatile choices for gardeners.

Annual Vinca (Catharanthus roseus)

Commonly known as Madagascar periwinkle

Upright or trailing varieties

Flowers in shades of white, pink, red, purple, and lavender, often with contrasting eyes

Blooms profusely from spring to fall in warm climates

Easy to care for and low-maintenance

Great for containers, hanging baskets, and borders

Popular annual Vinca varieties:

Cora series: Large flowers, disease-resistant, upright and trailing varieties

Soiree Kawaii series: Smaller flowers, wildflower-like appearance, trailing habit

Valiant series: Extra-large flowers, ideal for bold displays, upright habit

Vitesse series: Easy-care, long-blooming, upright habit

Perennial Vinca (Vinca minor and Vinca major)

Commonly known as periwinkle

Low-growing groundcovers

Evergreen or semi-evergreen foliage

Flowers in shades of blue, purple, and white

Bloom in spring and early summer

Tolerant of shade and poor soil

Deer-resistant

Spread readily, forming a dense mat

Popular perennial Vinca varieties:

Vinca minor 'Alba': Pure white flowers, green leaves

Vinca minor 'Atropurpurea': Wine-purple flowers, green leaves

Vinca minor 'Bowles': Classic periwinkle blue flowers, green leaves

Vinca minor 'Illumination': Gold-variegated leaves, periwinkle blue flowers

Vinca major 'Variegata': Variegated green and white leaves, lilac-blue flowers

These are just a few of the many Vinca varieties available. With their diverse colors, forms, and growing habits, there's a perfect Vinca for every garden.

How Do I Care For Vinca In My Garden?

Caring for your Vinca depends on whether you have annual or perennial varieties. Here's a breakdown for both:

Annual Vinca (Catharanthus roseus):

Watering: Water regularly, especially during hot, dry periods, but avoid overwatering. Aim for the soil to dry slightly between waterings.

Fertilizing: Feed with a balanced fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.

Deadheading: Pinch off spent flowers to encourage reblooming.

Pests and diseases: Generally pest and disease-resistant, but watch out for aphids, whiteflies, and fungal diseases in humid conditions.

Winter care: Annual Vinca are not frost-hardy, so they need to be replaced each year.

Perennial Vinca (Vinca minor and Vinca major):

Watering: Water regularly, especially during the first year after planting and during hot, dry periods. Once established, they are drought-tolerant.

Fertilizing: Apply a light application of slow-release fertilizer in spring. Overfertilization can lead to excessive foliage growth and fewer flowers.

Deadheading: Not necessary, but you can deadhead for a tidier appearance.

Pests and diseases: Relatively pest and disease-resistant, but watch out for slugs, snails, and vine weevils.

Winter care: Both Vinca minor and Vinca major are fairly cold-hardy, but they may need protection in very cold climates. Mulch around the base of the plants with a layer of leaves or straw.

General Tips for Both:

Mulching: Mulching around your Vinca plants helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

Sunlight: Annual Vinca prefer full sun, while perennial Vinca can tolerate partial shade.

Soil: Both types prefer well-drained soil, but they can adapt to a variety of soil types.

Pruning: Not necessary for perennials, but you can lightly prune them to control their spread or shape. Annual Vinca can be pinched back to encourage bushier growth.

Additional Tips:

Dividing: Perennial Vinca can be divided every few years to rejuvenate them or propagate new plants.

Container planting: Both annual and perennial Vinca can be grown in containers. Choose a container with drainage holes and use a potting mix that drains well.

Pinching back: Pinching back the stems of Vinca plants can encourage bushier growth and more flowers.

By following these tips, you can keep your Vinca plants thriving and flourishing in your garden!

Do Vinca Plants Attract Pollinators?

Vinca plants, both annual and perennial varieties, are known to attract pollinators like bees, butterflies, and even hummingbirds! They offer several features that make them appealing to these important visitors:

1. Beautiful blooms: Most Vinca varieties boast vibrant flowers in shades of blue, purple, white, pink, and red. These bright colors catch the attention of pollinators, guiding them towards the nectar within.

2. Abundant nectar: Vinca flowers produce small, but plentiful amounts of nectar that is readily accessible to pollinators. This sweet reward entices them to visit the flowers, collecting nectar and inadvertently transferring pollen while moving from flower to flower.

3. Open flower shape: The simple, open shape of Vinca flowers makes it easy for pollinators of various sizes to reach the nectar inside. Unlike closed flowers that may require specialized mouthparts, Vinca's accessibility increases its appeal to a wider range of pollinators.

4. Long blooming period: Depending on the variety, Vinca plants can bloom for several months, from spring to early summer for perennials and throughout the growing season for annuals. This extended period provides a consistent source of pollen and nectar for pollinators across a longer season.

5. Easy access to pollen: The pollen of Vinca flowers is readily available on the stamen filaments, making it easy for pollinators to brush against it as they collect nectar. This facilitates effective pollen transfer, leading to successful pollination and fruit production.

While the appeal of Vinca to pollinators might vary depending on the specific variety, color, and local pollinator populations, overall, they make a great addition to gardens aiming to attract these beneficial insects. So, by planting Vinca, you can not only enjoy their beautiful blooms but also contribute to a healthy ecosystem by supporting beneficial pollinators!

Are There Any Common Pests Or Diseases That Affect Vinca?

While Vinca plants are generally considered pest and disease-resistant, they can still encounter some challenges. Here's a breakdown of common pests and diseases affecting both annual and perennial Vinca:

Pests:

Aphids: These sap-sucking insects can cause distorted leaves, wilting, and stunted growth. They are more common on annual Vinca and during humid weather.

Whiteflies: Similar to aphids, whiteflies feed on plant sap and can leave behind sticky residue. They are also more prevalent on annual Vinca and in warm climates.

Vine weevils: These nocturnal beetles munch on the foliage and stems of Vinca plants, leaving ragged holes. They are a bigger concern for perennial Vinca, especially in areas with mild winters.

Slugs and snails: These slimy creatures can chew on leaves and young shoots, particularly damaging seedlings or newly planted Vinca. They are more active in moist conditions.

Diseases:

Botrytis blight: This fungal disease causes brown or gray lesions on leaves, stems, and flowers. It thrives in humid conditions and can affect both annual and perennial Vinca.

Phytophthora stem rot and root rot: This fungal disease can cause wilting, stunting, and even death of the plant. It is more common in poorly drained soil and rainy weather, affecting both annual and perennial Vinca.

Rhizoctonia stem rot: Similar to Phytophthora, this fungal disease attacks the stems and roots, leading to wilt and collapse. It thrives in warm, moist soil and affects both Vinca types.

Stem canker: This fungal disease causes dark lesions on stems, eventually leading to dieback. It is more prevalent in wet weather and affects both annual and perennial Vinca.

Viral diseases: Several viruses can infect Vinca, causing yellowing, stunting, and distorted leaves. These are usually difficult to control and require infected plants to be removed.

Tips for Prevention and Control:

Choose healthy plants: Start with disease-resistant varieties and inspect plants for signs of pests or diseases before buying.

Provide proper care: Water deeply but less frequently, avoid overwatering, and ensure good drainage. Mulch around the plants to suppress weeds and retain moisture.

Monitor for pests and diseases: Regularly check your Vinca plants for signs of trouble and address any issues promptly.

Use organic methods: If necessary, use insecticidal soap, neem oil, or other organic control methods for pests. For fungal diseases, fungicides can be applied, but choose options with minimal environmental impact.

Practice good sanitation: Remove and dispose of infected plant parts properly to prevent further spread of diseases.

Remember, early detection and intervention are key to managing pests and diseases effectively. By providing proper care and monitoring your Vinca plants regularly, you can help them thrive and contribute to a beautiful and healthy garden.

Can I Use Vinca In Floral Arrangements?

Vinca, both the annual and perennial varieties, can be beautiful additions to floral arrangements.

Here's why they make great choices:

Beautiful blooms: Vinca comes in a range of vibrant colors, from classic blues and purples to cheerful pinks and whites.

Long-lasting: Both annual and perennial Vinca flowers hold up well after being cut, lasting for several days in a vase.

Variety of forms: The annual Vinca offers large, showy blooms, while the perennial varieties have smaller, delicate flowers and trailing foliage that can add texture and movement to arrangements.

Easy to care for: Vinca stems are sturdy and don't require any special treatment after cutting. Simply place them in fresh water and enjoy!

Here are some tips for using Vinca in floral arrangements:

Match colors: Consider the overall color palette of your arrangement and choose Vinca varieties that complement the other flowers.

Mix textures: Combine the delicate flowers of perennial Vinca with bolder blooms like roses or lilies for a visually interesting contrast.

Use the foliage: The trailing foliage of perennial Vinca can be used to cascade over the edges of a vase or weave through other flowers for a natural look.

Experiment with placement: Try using Vinca flowers in different parts of the arrangement, from the center to the edges, to create depth and dimension.

Here are some specific examples of floral arrangements you can create with Vinca:

A romantic bouquet: Combine pink and white Vinca flowers with roses and peonies for a soft and elegant look.

A rustic centerpiece: Use purple and blue Vinca flowers with sunflowers and wheat stalks for a charming farmhouse vibe.

A modern arrangement: Pair white Vinca flowers with calla lilies and orchids for a sleek and minimalist look.

No matter your style, Vinca can be a versatile and beautiful addition to your floral arrangements. So get creative and have fun!

Is Vinca Invasive?

Whether Vinca is invasive depends on the specific variety and location. Here's the breakdown:

Invasive Vinca:

Common periwinkle (Vinca minor): This popular evergreen groundcover is considered invasive in many parts of North America, including the eastern United States. It readily spreads by runners and can form dense mats that outcompete native plants.

Bigleaf periwinkle (Vinca major): While less aggressive than Vinca minor, it can still become invasive in warm Mediterranean climates like California.

Non-invasive Vinca:

Annual Vinca (Catharanthus roseus): This upright or trailing flower, also known as Madagascar periwinkle, is not considered invasive. It readily self-seeds but doesn't form dense mats like Vinca minor.

Other Vinca varieties: Some specific cultivars of Vinca minor and Vinca major have been selected for less invasive characteristics. Research the specific variety you're considering before planting.

Factors to Consider:

Climate: Vinca minor is more likely to become invasive in cooler climates with moist soil. In drier, warmer climates, it may not spread as aggressively.

Habitat: If you live near natural areas where native plants are threatened, choosing non-invasive Vinca varieties is essential.

Garden practices: Proper management, such as limiting the spread of runners and avoiding planting near natural areas, can help prevent even potentially invasive Vinca from becoming a problem.

When Is The Best Time To Divide Vinca Plants?

The best time to divide Vinca plants depends on whether you have the annual (Catharanthus roseus) or perennial (Vinca minor and Vinca major) variety:

Annual Vinca:

Not typically divided: Annual Vinca are usually grown from seeds or purchased as seedlings and discarded after flowering. Dividing them isn't necessary or common.

Perennial Vinca:

Early spring or fall: These are the ideal times for dividing Vinca because the temperatures are mild and the plants are actively growing, but not yet stressed by hot summer weather or cold winter temperatures.

Additional factors:

Spring division: Ideal if you want the divided plants to establish before winter. Ensure the soil is thawed and workable.

Fall division: Ideal if you live in a mild climate with frost-free winters. Allows the plants to establish roots before winter dormancy.

Avoid dividing during hot summer months or during periods of drought.

Remember, these are general guidelines. Specific timing may vary depending on your climate and local weather conditions. Always prioritize the health and well-being of your Vinca plants when choosing the best time to divide them.

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Vinca

Vinca major 'Green' (10)ct Flat

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Vinca major 'Green' (18)ct Flat

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Vinca major 'Green' (3.5 inch pot)

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